Law Enforcement Against Cybercrime in Indonesia: Analysis of Regulatory Effectiveness and Digital Forensic Challenges

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of regulations in law enforcement against cybercrime in Indonesia and to examine the role and challenges of digital forensics in the process of proving cybercrime. The research uses the socio-legal method by integrating normative studies of legislation and empirical studies obtained thru various literature on the practice of cybercrime law enforcement in Indonesia. The approaches used include the statute approach and the conceptual approach. The research data consists of secondary data, including primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are qualitatively analyzed using Lawrence M. Friedman's Legal System Theory, encompassing legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. The research results show that Indonesia has a sufficient legal foundation thru the Electronic Information and Transactions Law and its amendments in regulating various forms of cybercrime and recognizing electronic evidence as valid evidence. However, the effectiveness of law enforcement still faces various obstacles, including legal provisions that are still open to multiple interpretations, a lack of human resources with digital forensics competence, suboptimal supporting facilities and infrastructure, and weak coordination among law enforcement agencies. In addition, technological developments such as encryption, cryptocurrency, artificial intelligence, and anonymous networks further complicate the process of identifying perpetrators and proving cybercrimes. Therefore, there is a need for more adaptive regulations, an increase in the capacity of law enforcement officers, standardization of digital forensics, and strengthening international cooperation to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement against cybercrime in Indonesia.